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The brains of solid food addicts show the same reaction when they foresee deplete as drug addicts show when they foretell using . astonishingly , these food addicts , who ca n’t always control their feeding habits , are n’t fatter than nonaddicts .
" These findings substantiate the theory thatcompulsive food consumptionmay be driven in part by an enhanced expectancy of the rewarding holding of food , " the researchers write online today ( April 4 ) in the journal Archives of General Psychology . " likewise , addicted individuals are more probable to be physiologically , psychologically and behaviorally reactive to substance - refer clue . "
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The brains of the great unwashed addicted to either to intellectual nourishment or drugs have a higher release of dopamine ( a happiness - induce brain chemical ) in a part of the mentality call the mesolimbic organisation . This brain area is in flush of the reward reinforcement process , which is responsible for the pleasurable feelings we get from things likefood and sex , keeping us fall back for more .
Addictive drugs increase release of Intropin in these nerve tract , creating this notion of advantage and increase motivation to do more . This make addiction and dependence . Researchers can see this nerve tract lighting up in addict when they are offered their drug of choice during a brain CAT scan .
Addictive foods
To study how these brain change connect tofood addiction , the investigator , led by Ashley Gearhardt of Yale University , studied a group of young women with an average age of about 21 and ranging from lean to obese . They first study their eating substance abuse using the " Yale food addiction scale , " which rated each of the charwoman by their feeding habits . Symptoms of food addiction , which are part of the scurf , include : run through much more than planned , eating to the spot of feeling physically ill and using food for thought to mitigate feelings of anxiety or depression .
They were divide into the " high nutrient addiction " radical — those who indicate three or more symptoms — and the " low food dependance " group — who showed one or few symptom . The two groups were approximately the same in age and body mass index , or BMI , a cadence of fatness ground on a proportion of elevation and weight .
Each grouping was given a brain scan while being shown an picture of either a Häagen - Dazs burnt umber shake or a tasteless , spittle - like solution . In 60 pct of the trials , the ikon was followed with existent tasting of the potable , while the rest of the time no intellectual nourishment was delivered .
It seems that for some , their drug of choice is food , in this subject the cocoa milkshake . These people showed high-pitched scores on the " nutrient addiction " trial run and showed mellow activation of this encephalon pathway when they were proffer the milk shake .
Anticipation and reward
Researchers saw that participants with high food - addiction ratings showed sign of reduced suppression control when given the intellectual nourishment . " Consumption of toothsome solid food may override desires to bound caloric food consumption in participants with high-pitched FA [ food addiction ] , resulting in disinhibited nutrient usance , " the authors save , which might lead those with high nutrient habituation tendencies to eat more .
Interestingly , the levels of food addiction and brain activating were n’t correlated to the test subject ’s body mass index . field with gamey solid food dependency scores were no more likely to be obese or overweight than those with downcast food habituation scores . Those with mellow food habituation score may be more at risk forfuture weight amplification , the researchers mention , especially since the study participant are fairly young .
In fact , they did discover those who mark high on the food dependence ordered series also depict signs of bout feeding , emotional eating and other kinds of knotty eating .
" It is potential that some soul experiencecompulsive wipe out behaviorbut engage in compensatory behaviour to maintain a lower weighting , " they write .
The study will be in the August print issue of the diary .
you’re able to follow LiveScience stave author Jennifer Welsh on Twitter @microbelover .
